Verbals gerunds, participles, infinitives worksheets. This resource is a spinner that provides students with basic notes about each type of. A participle is a word formed as a verb that can be used as an adjective. You can use a gerund as the object of a preposition. Fill in the blanks with the verbs given speaking following getting married meeting eating traveling smoking having seen increasing 1. Some systematic organizing principles have been attempted, but they are complicated and full of exceptions. Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. The three verbals gerunds, infinitives, and participles are formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences. When a noun looks like a verb with ing, it is called a. His not having done the homework made the teacher very anggyry. Verbals gerund, participle, and infinitive and verbal phrases have many complex angles.
Infinitive and gerund infinitive after an adjective example. That is, a gerund from a linking verb will have a subject complement after it, a gerund from a transitive action verb will have a direct object of its own, and possibly an indirect object or an object complement, and so. This verbals unit includes varying activities and tools for teachers to choose what works best for individual classes and students while studying verbals. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. Complete the sentences with the gerund or the infinitive using the verbs given in brackets. A participle is a verb form that is used as an adjective. A gerund phrase generally consists of a gerund, which is the ing word, along with any modifiers or objects associated with it. This can be used instead of the present form of the gerund when we are referring to a past action. Delighted with the opportunity to learn, christine took the internship in new york. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. As this chapter is about when to use the infinitive and when to use the ingform, however, we have also listed words here that can be used either with the infinitive or the present participle. We are also going to have sheets for both recognizing the verbal by itself and then as a verbal phrase. Therefore, you should be aware on how to use both of the properly.
Adjective, adverb, noun clauses gerund,participial and. Gerunds, infinitives, and participles are all types of verbs. An infinitive is a verb that is preceded by the word to such as to run, to fly, to play, etc. I dont like crying in public unless im getting paid for it. The explanation is framed in a naturallanguage semantics involving the meanings of the gerundparticiple, the infinitive, the preposition to, and the meaning. We are going to take each of these separately in these worksheets. A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech. They are sure the extra planning will make a difference in the end. This is a bundle of three prezis that cover the gerund, infinitive and participle. Gerunds or verbal nouns take the same form as the present participle ving but their function is quite different. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary and. Think of some other examples of verbals in movie or music titles. Predicates typically contain the verb and the other constituents of the predicate depend on the type of verb. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives to describe an action.
Irregular verbs form their past participles in various ways for example, bend. Infinitive past past participle gerund meaning 68 leap leapt leapt leaping saltar 69 learn 4 learnt learnt learning aprender 70 leave 1 left left leaving dejar, abandonar 71 lend lent lent lending prestar 72 let 2 let let letting permitir, dejar 73 lie 5 lay lain echarse, tumbarse 74 light 4 lit lit lighting encender 75 lose 1 lost lost losing perder 76 make 1 made made making. A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech, usually a noun. Infinitive past past participle gerund meaning 101 shine 1 4 shone shone shining lucir, brillar 102 shoot shot shot shooting disparar, tirar 103 show showed shown showing ensenar, mostrar 104 shrink shrank shrunk shrinking estrechar, escogerse 105 shut 2 shut shut shutting cerrar 106 sing sang sung singing cantar. Gerund and infinitive worksheet in this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english. Infinitive examples active to see i hope to see you again.
To determine whether a word in a sentence is a gerund, look at the words ending in ing in the sentence. Common verbs followed by the gerund perfect english grammar. Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation. Your having had the experience will be to your credit. A participle, on the other hand, functions like an adjective. The infinitive is the form of the verb not changed for person, number or tense. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a. Gerunds and infinitives apu writing center 6268156000 ext.
Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a singular verb. A gerund is a verb that ends with ing such as dancing, flying, etc. If it is a gerund, it functions as a noun and it is usually translated into a spanish infinitive. Jun 30, 2012 the gerund and the present participle have identical forms. Some people use both the present participle and the gerund as the ing form because. Pdf tense and control interpretations in gerundparticiple and to.
A verbal phrase consists of a verbal and its modifiers and complements. Complete the sentences with the gerund or the infinitive. Regret with the infinitive is used to give bad news in a formal, polite way. What makes a gerund different from a simple noun is that it does not have a proper plural form. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifiers, objects, andor complements. Although there are similarities, there are also differences between the two, and that is, a gerund can be the object of a preposition. The perfect gerund the perfect gerund form of a gerund is made up of having plus the past participate of the main verb.
There are many cases where gerunds are used in a phrase. The gerund active passive present reading being read perfect having read having been read the gerund may function as a a subject. However, using a gerund or an infinitive will greatly change the meaning of your sentences. Complete the sentences with the correct form, gerund or infinitive, using the words in parentheses. Gerund and present participle are not exactly the same. You have a memory of it, like being able to see a movie of it in your head. Word infinitive with an object gerund without an object advise i advise you to go by bus. Toinfinitive after question words toinfinitiv nach fragewortern nach bestimmten verben z. The gerund ends in ing and functions as a noun jumping is fun he liked skiing he had a unique way of whistling the infinitive is the base form of a verb with to. Jamals confusing message did nothing to solve the mystery. If it is a present participle, it functions as a verb and it is usually translated into a spanish gerundio. Usually it functions as a noun, although it can also function as an adjective or adverb. The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms.
A gerund is a verb form ending in ing that is used as a noun. We have now looked at all the basic parts of a simple sentence. Defining a rule for the use of infinitive and gerund. There are two kinds of participles the present participle and the past participle. Forget with the infinitive means something happens at or after a certain time.
Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. Each prezi has over twenty slides and provides definitions, examples, and plenty of guided practice. Gerunds and infinitives part 4 perfect english grammar. Stop a even though the doctors did what they could, the patient finally stopped breathing. Weve seen that simple sentences contain one subjectpredicate pairing, and we have looked closely at both of those parts. A gerund is a verbal ending in ing that is used as a noun. The show offers everyone a chance to be a millionaire. After it, tell how it is being used in the sentence. A participle also ends in ing like a gerund, but it does not function as a noun. Introduction the ing form of the verb may be a gerund or a present participle. The word gerund originated from the latin word gerundium, from gerundus which means to be carried out, with a future passive participle form of gerundive of gero which translates to carry, bear. These verbs can be followed by either the gerund or the infinitive with a change in meaning. All verbals, participles, infinitives, and gerunds, are.
There are three nonfinites in english the infinitive, the participles which have two forms, the present participle and the past participle, and the gerund, as described from the above examples. Gerunds, participles, and infinitives are all verbals. If the word it replaces other words in addition to the gerund, then these make up the gerund phrase lester 177. An infinitive is a verb formoften preceded by the particle tothat can function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. The infinitive, the gerund and the participles of the english verb by. Words with a different meaning word infinitive meaning gerund meaning forget remember. The ed form of a regular verb is its past participle. In the first sentence, the gerund crying serves as the direct object. Have the students work with a partner to match the meanings to the sentences in worksheet 74a.
I dont like to cry in public unless im getting paid for it. If this word can be replaced by the pronoun it, then the word is a gerund. A gerund is a verb in ing form that is used as a noun. Irregular verbs form their past participles in various ways for example, bend, bent. These presentations are available as downloadable files that can be saved to your computer. Grammatik gerund or infinitive 4 losungen exercise 1 fill in the right form. Passive to be seen such disgusting scenes are not to be seen here. Gerund is defined as a verbal form that functions as a verbal noun. The problem is that some verbs are followed not by an infinitive but by a gerund ing form. Identify gerund, infinitive, or participle in the following movie, music group, or song titles. The gerund and the present participle have identical forms.
The syntax of the infinitive and the participle in early byzantine greek. In other languages, specifically dutch, italian, or russian, it is a verbal form that is similar to a present. Gerunds and infinitives part 3 put the verb into the gerund or the infinitive with to. New english file, intermediate new english file upperintermediate gerund and infinitives study guide by priva includes 80 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. You may also see infinitive phrase worksheets and examples. Each of these are used to describe adjective not as an action verb. The infinitive can be used as the object of a verb.
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